Carbureting apparatus for internal-combustion engines.



H. LEMP. CARBURETING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES:

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I7. 19.

Patented Dee.25,1917.

Ivehtorr'mann He E! n'nirnn STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

nnnmnmw LEMP, or 1mm, rnNnsvLvAmm-assmiron 'r'o ennnnan nnncrmc .conrm,a coaronn'rron or nnwvonx.

cmnnn'rme lirrmsrrns'ron INTEBNAL-CbMBUSTION ENQINES:

Specification of Lam-i g unt.

Patented Dec. 25, 1917.

Applleation filed June 17, 1914. Serial 80. 84 15,810.

eavier' than gasolene and is particularly directed toikerosene engines.

As is' well known, an engine of this type cannot be readily started onkerosene al- 7 thou h aftenbeing-fstarted and well heated it willoperate satisfactorily thereon. .It'is,

therefore; customary to startv such engines on. gasolene and afterwardchange over to kerosene by the manipulation of some sort of valve means.Tc thisend" it has heretofore been customary to provide two separatesupplies of oil for such engines,- one gasolene and the other kerosene,and suitable meansfor changing over from one to the, other.

kerosene is'classed as being comparatively safe and itsstorage onpremises is not. considered unfavorably nvhile gasolene is classed asbeing very dangerous and the storage of even asmall quantity on premisesis considered as greatly increasing the risk. According to theUnderwriters rules, therefore,'it 'is permissible to have only a verylimited amount of gasolene on any premises 40 at one time, withouthaving the premises classed as a gasolene risk.

The effect of an arrangement in connection with kerosene engines as justdescribed has been toconvert what would ordinarily 5 be classed as asafe risk, 11. 6., kerosene risk, into one classed as extremelyhazardous, 6., gasolene risk, thereby greatly increasing the rates.

The object of the present invention is to provide a gasolene startingarrangement for a kerosene engine which is effective in startwhich myimprovements particularly relate the "overflow type.

According to the Fire Underwriters rules .which conveys the mixture 01air and kerosene.

ing the engine and at the same time will someet the views of'theUnderwriters with reference to havin gasolene on' premises, as to avoidhaving t e premises classed as a gasolene risk.

In the accompanying drawings wherein" I. have illustrated certain formswhich my. invention may take, Figure 1 is a side eleva-f tion of akerosene engine equipped with my B0 improved gasolene startingarrangement;

Fig. 2 is a somewhat dia rammatic view 1 with partsyill section ilustrating more clearly the arrangement -of the parts to Fig.3 is anenlarged view of the receptacle .and o ontainer shown to the left of vFig i is a'section on line 44-., Fig.- 3; 5"is a detail view of'the'gasolene carburetor needle valve taken on line 5-5, Fig. 2'; andFigs. 6 and 7 are detail views shownig modifications. a My invention isillustrated as beingeap-l" plied to a multi-cylinder engine,,3 ing. thebase thereof and 4 the cylinders. 5 is the.* kerosene carbureter, hereshown as being o I The .carbureter is, vided with a dam 6 for fixing thelove oft the oil therein and with the adjustable nee} dle valve ,7.Kerosene is supplied to the car bureter by the pump -8. driven .from thecrank shaftoirthe engine. The suction side of the pump is connectedthrough pipel). with a suitable supply of-oil (not s own) and. thedelivery side is connected by pipe 10 to the carbureter The overflowfrom the carbureter passes back to the source of supply by pipe 11. 12is the air'intake of the carbureter and 13 is "he outlet pipe sene tothe. heating coil 14. This coil is ar-' ranged in a casing 15 andsurrounds the exhaust pipe 16 which passes through the center of thecasing. By this means the exhaust gases are utilized for the purposeofheatin or vaporizin the charges of kero- Ihe other end of the coil 14 isconnected by pipe 17 to a chamber 18. Openin into this chamber is theauxiliary air in et 19 in which is arranged the inward] 100 openingspring controlled valve 20. Lead ing from the chamber 18 is the conduit-21 a is formed by a have illustrated .the v ably numbered-t0 startin thepresent instance this key an shut o To this end I may, 16

which connects the chamber with the inlet 22 of a carbureter 23, theoutlet of whch connects by conduit 24 with the manifold 25 leading tothe engine cylinders. Arranged in the conduit 24 is the mixture throttlevalve 26 which may be controlled through arm 27 either byhan'd or by aspeed governor. a

The carbureter 23 is the gasolene carbureter and is provided with anadjustable needle valve 28. In connection with this needle valvesuitable means are provided whereb the same can never be completely forexample, provide the valve seat with a small groove or slot, or I mayprovide asuitable stop cooperat ng with the valve to limit its movementtoward closed position. In Fig. 5-1 latter arrangement. The stem of thevalve carries a-wheel28 having a notched rim onwhich rides the springpressed catch 28"; The wheel also carries the stop 28. During startingthis valve is opened a predetermined amount as indicated by thenotcheswhic'h may besuitposition. After the engine is started the va veis then turned towardclosed position'until the stop 28 comes in contactwith catch 28". In this position the valve will still be slightly open,-

and it'so i'emains during norm operation.

' Gasolene is supplied to the carbureter v23 through the pipe 29 whichconnects at its outer end with a small receptacle 30. This receptacle isopen at the top and its bottom cup-shaped member'31 having a projectingcoupling 32 formed with a threaded-opening .33to receive, the end oftheipe 29 and two spaced rojecting lugs 34, 51c space between them orminakeyway 35. The receptacle is adjusta ly supthe hollow sleeve 36' whichceive therein through its open top asealed container in which is aquantity of gasolene just suflicient for starting the engine. Thiscontainer is somewhat after the style of the safety unit used inconnection with the students lamp and is preferably so shaped that itcannot be readily set down anywhere except in the proper receptacle. '1

the same comprises a cash; 39 having a flan ed base 40 upon which Isfastened the ban le 41. The top of the container is, closed by a stopper42 having a threaded flange 43 provided with an opening or series of"openin 44. Projecting from the outer face of t e stopper is a keymember 45 which, when the container is inserted into the receptacle,enters the key-wa 35. In key-way are shown as having straight sides withthe key carried by the stopper and the key-way it is desired to 'startthe same,

' ings 44, a'ndpe'rmit 0 this end at the bottom of the receptacle, butit will be understood that the key and key-way" base rests on the rim ofthe receptacle, the stopper is spaced from the bottom thereof with itskey member 45 in the key-way 35.

' Assuming that the engine is standing and the needle valve 28 is turnedto starting position, and a container, which may have been stored atsome point without the premises, is brought in and inserted in thereceptacle 30, the key entering the key-wa the stopper suflicientlygasolene to flow through the pipe 29 to the carbureter 23. This flowwill continue until the level in the carbureter coincides with or. isslightly above the upper edges of the o nin'gs 44 as indicated by the"dot-andash line in Fig. 2.

35. The container is' then-turned to brea the seal and unscrew I touncover the openand is of such depth that when its flanged i The flowwill then-cease and .the level will remain constant as will stood. Thedesired. level can be obtained by adjustin the receptacle 30 on thesupporting'stan ard 37. The amount of gasolene contained in the bottomof the receptacle is enough to slightly cover the'opening '44 of the to.prevent the free escape of the gasolene. When this seal is broken byreason-of -the suction of the engine drawing gasolene fromthe carbureter23 a small amount will be discharged from the cbii'tainer,---this actiontaking place until the contents are discharged. As ,it is necessa toadmit some air to the container to rep ace the fuel discharged, somemeans must be provided for the purpose. The simplest-way is toprovideone or'more openingsi30 of suitable size and shape in thevertical wall of the receptacle. It is best to locate them near the topto prevent leakage under abnormal conbe readily 'understopper andthus;.- ,form a-hquid seal dltions. The supply of kerosene is shut off vat the needle valve 4. g i

The engine is now turned over 1n the usual position, i. e.-

io. manner and started on/ gasolene, and after 3 therefore, to. supplykerosene the supply of gasolene will have been substantially, all usedup. The engine may, however, for a time great simplicity to theapparatus and is of advantage in that it requires no care or attentionon the part of the attendant whatever, as he has merely to insert thecons tainer in place and leave it there. An empty container need not beremoved until it is desired to insert a full one to again start' theengine. Bythis arrangement it is assured that all the gasolene will beused up each time the engine is started.

,Referring to Fig. 6, I have here illustrated a modified arrangement. Inthis arrangement the bottom of the receptacle 30 slopes downwardly fromthe outer edge to an opening into which pi e 29' connects, the openingbeing arrange to one side of the center. The top of the container isclosed by a screw threaded stopper .46 in which is arranged a springcontrol valve 47, the stem of which projects beyond the end of thestopper. I

This stopper may be removed for filling the container and afterwardinserted and sealed in place as explained in connection with thearrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 3. The valve 47 when seated by thespring 48 serves to close the small Openings 49 inthe stopper and thisvalve will also preferably be sealed. When the receptacle is inserted inthe container the projecting end of the valve stem strikes the bottom ofthe receptacle breaking the seal and opening the' valve 36.

In Fig. 7 I have illustrated a still further modification. in which boththe receptacle and the container are providedwith valves. The containerin this modification may be the same as that described in connectionwith Fig. 6 and the same reference characters have been applied tocorrespondin parts. In this arrangement-the receptac e 30 is providedwith a valve 50 which may be similar to the valve 47 as used on thecontainer. The stem of the valve asses through an opening in the guidemem er or cap 51 and between this cap and the valve is a spring-52 forbiasing the valve to closed position. The spring 52 will preferably bestronger than the spring 48. With this arrangement, when the containeris inserted into the receptacle 30 the projecting end of the valve stemof valve 17 will strike the gasolene from start the engine.

therein an against the face of. valve 50, the valve 47 being first oened and then the valve 50.

The modi cation shown in Fig. 7 has the advantage over the arrangementsshown in Figs. 3 and 6 in that it renders it much more diflicult for anattendant to start the engine by pouring gasolene' directly into thecontainer 30, and in some instances this arrangement might be preferred.The arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 6, however, are simpler and thearrangement, shown in Fig. 3 has theadvantage that no springs arerequired and that the closing ofthe con tainer can be made possiblymorepositive. This latter arrangement furthermore has the advantage thatit would be less likely to he accidentally unsealed as a positiveturning motion of the stopper is necessary to break the seal. The ideaof the invention in connection with each of the forms is however, tomake the normal way of Startin the engine,-'i. e., by inserting aproperly lled c0ntainerso simple and convenient as com pared to'anyother way there will be no reason or ob ect for-.the attendant to resortto other means.

-One of the great advantages of this invention is that the containercanbe filled outsideor can befurnished filled and sealed, and is onlybrought in when itis desired to Furthermore "there is no gasolenepresent except during the comparatively short time the engine is beingstarted. f

As has already been stated, the'container is so shaped that it cannot bereadily set down anywhere except in the proper receptac'le. removes to agreat extent the liabilit of an attendant carelessly placing one of 0containers on the floor and leaving it.

In the arrangement shown, the two carbureters are arranged in series,the gasolene carbureter being arranged in advance of the kerosenecarbureter with the heating coils between, and with a main air inlet andan This is of advantage in that it auxiliary air inlet common to thetwo.

When the gasolene is nearly used and the level of the supply falls belowthe needle valve, the mixture from the kerosene carbureter, which willnow be heated, will, in passing through the gasolene carbureter, rapidlyva orize the remaining gasolene carry it into the engine cylinders.

I have illustrated a heating arrangement for the kerosene which has beenfound to be satisfactory in practice, but my invention is not limitedthereto.

Owing to the fact that the gasolene carbureter isbelow the kerosenecarbureter all danger of. gasolcne entering the former is,

avoided. By arranging the receptacle and container as shown the gasolenein the bottom of the receptacle acts as a liquid seal to preventflooding of the 'asolene carbureter, the feed from one to t eother'onlytaking place when the seal is temporarily broken, the necessary air topermit this action to take place entering between the walls of. thereceptacle and container.

' In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, to ether with theapparatus which I now consi er to represent the best embodiment thereof;but

I desire to have it understood that the apparatusshown is onlyillustrative, and that the invention can be'carried out by otherpassage, and, a containerholding a limited supply of gas'olene justsuflicient for starting the engine once which is adapted to beinsertediinto the receptacle, to feed its contents to the 'carburetingmeans through said free passage whereby all said gasolene will be usedup during the starting period.

2. The combination in an internal combustion'engine, o a kerosenecarbureter, means for supplying fuel thereto, a gasolene carbureter,. areceptacle connected to the .gasolene carbureter by a free passage, andbatontainer holding a. limited supply of gasolene just suflicient forstarting the engine once which is adapted to be inserted intp the re--ceptacle, to feed its contents to the gasolene carbureter through saidfree passage whereby all said gasolene' will be used up during thestarting period.

3. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of akerosene-carbureter, means. i

for supplying fuel thereto, a gasolene carbureter arranged in seriesrelation' with the situated below the level of the heavy fuel carbureterwhich is infree kerosene carbureter; common air admission means for thecarbureters, a.receptacle con-. necfed to the gasolene carbureter by afree passage, and a container-holding a limited supply of gasolene justsufiicient forstarting the engine once which is adapted to be.

inserted into the receptacle, to feed its 'contents to the'gasolenecarbureter through said a free passage whereby all said gasolene will beused up during the starting period.'

4'. The combinati'onin an internal combustion engine, of a kerosenecarbureter and a gasolene carbureter connected in series as regards theflow of air, the kerosene carbureter being more remote fromthe engine, aheating coil in the connection between the two carbureters, means forsupplying fuel to the kerosene carbureter, a receptacle connected to thegasolene carbureter by a free passage,

and a container holding a limited supply of gasolene. just sufficientfor starting the en- .only, all said light -fuel the starting-period.

gine once which adapted to be inserted into the receptacle, to feed itscontents to the gaso'lene carbureter through said free passage wherebyall said gasolene will be used up during the starting period. a

5. In combination, an internal combustion engine, a relatively heavyfuel carbureting means therefor, a, heater for'the mixture formedthereby, a carbureting means for a lighter fuel connected to the heavyfuel carburetmg means and the heater on one side and to the engine onthe other and through which said mixture flows, a receptacle which is infree communication with the second carbureting means, and a sealedcontainer confaining only a-suilicint amount of li ht fue v serted inthe receptacle and its seal broken,

to start the engine once which, when inautomatically discharges itscontents to the I by, a shut-ofl valve to control the admission of heavyfuel to the carbureter, a carbureter for a lighter fuel that is inpermanent-and unrestricted communication with the heater and the engineand through which the heavy fuel must pass before entering the engine, arece tachawhich is in free communication with t e second carbureter, anda sealed c'ontainer having only a suflici'ent amount of light fuel tostart the. engine once which when inserted in the receptacle and itsbroken feeds fuel to the second carbureter being used during 7. Incombination, in internal combustion engine, a heavy fuel carbureter, aheater for the mixture formed thereb a li ht fuel carbureter below thefirst and throng which said. mixture -passes to the engine, v a nozzlein. the light fuel" carbureter, 'a receptacle communication with thenozzle of the light fuel carbureter during thestarting period, the levelof which corresponds to the level of the nozzle,

a sealed container adapted to be inserted in the receptacle and whoseoutlet is normally submerged in said body of fuel liquid seal, and meansfor breaking the sealto permit the fuel to flow from the container afterthe container into the receptacle. Q8. The combination in an internalcombustion engine, of a kerosene carbureter, means for supplying fuelthereto, a gasolene carbureter having an adjustable needle valve, meansfor preventing the valve from being fully shut off, a receptacle, a pipehaving an unrestricted passage connectingthe receptacle to thecarbureter, and a container has been inserted a to form a,

'bustion engine, of carbnreting means, means 6' startingoperatingmembers carried .by the receptacle holding a limited supply of asolenesufiicient for starting the engine w ich is adapts ed to be-insertedinto the receptacle.

.9. The combination in an lnternal c0m- -fo r supplying kerosenethereto, a receptacle to the carburetin'g means by a free p a sealedcontainer sholding. a limited su ply of gasolene just suflicient for eengine once which-is adapted 'to'be inserted into theireceptaclaandcoand container which engage each other when the container is insertedin the receptacle for breaking the seal.

.10. The combination in. an internal com- I bustion engine, ofcarbureting means, means 7 intothe receptacle, :1. 25

container "is inserted for supplying kerosene thereto, a receptacleconnected to the carbureting' means by a free passage, 9. oontainerhaving astopper sealed therein and holding a limited supply of gas'olenejust sufficient for starting t e engine once which isada ted to beinserted CGPtMflGyfiDd a key carried 'by the stopper,

sa1d key'.engaging the key-way when-the into .the recep acle:

ried' by. the stoper an ey-way in the rewhereby the seal may thecontainer.

v 11. The combination in an internal combustion engine; of carburetingmeans, means for supplying kerosene thereto, a receptacle connected totheflcarbureting supply of gaso'lene just suflicient for tar t for thecontainer having a threaded. flange rovided with an opening, saidopening.

ing closed when the stopper is screwed in place, and eoiperatmgpartscarengage each ot er when the container in means by a' .free passage, asealed contamer holding a 35. e engine once whichisadapted I to. be intothe receptacle, :1. stopper be broken by turning receptacle whichinserted into the receptacle whereby the container may be turnedtounscrew the stopper. andperm t ,the COIltBIlt$rf$h6 container to flowthrough the openmgiifigfthe receptacle. In witness- -whereof, h vshereunto set Witnesses:

